تحلیل مؤلفه‌های اجتماعی اثرگذار بر تاب‌آوری سکونتگاه‌های روستایی در مواجهه با سیلاب (موردمطالعه: روستاهای شرق استان گیلان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران.

چکیده

تاب‌آوری نقش مهمی در توانمندسازی اجتماعات روستایی در برابر مخاطره سیل دارد. از این رو تاب‌آوری به‌عنوان راهبرد مناسب در  کاهش آسیب‌پذیری و مدیریت بحران بلایای طبیعی  در کانون توجه بسیاری از کشورها قرار گرفته است. پژوهش حاضر به دنبال تحلیل مؤلفه‌های اجتماعی اثرگذار بر تاب‌آوری نواحی روستایی شرق استان گیلان در برابر مخاطره سیل است. هدف تحقیق کاربردی و داده‌ها با استفاده از روش توصیفی- تحلیلی با استفاده از منابع اسنادی و مطالعات میدانی (پرسشنامه) گردآوری شده است. واحد تحلیل پژوهش سرپرستان خانوار روستایی ساکن در محدوده موردمطالعه است که با استفاده از روش کوکران 379 نفر انتخاب شده‌اند. در این پژوهش از آزمون T تک نمونه‌ای برای ارزیابی معناداری و قابلیت تعمیم نتایج و از ضریب همبستگی و روش رگرسیون جهت تحلیل داده‌ها و میزان اثرگذاری مؤلفه‌های اجتماعی بر تاب‌آوری استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد، مؤلفه مشارکت جمعی بیشترین تأثیر را در ارتقای تاب‌آوری جوامع روستایی نسبت به مؤلفه‌های وابستگی مکانی، اعتماد اجتماعی و دانش و آگاهی دارد. درنهایت سطوح تاب‌آوری حاصل از محدوده مطالعاتی بیانگر آن است که دهستان‌های اشکور سفلی و دیوشل در پایین‌ترین سطح تاب‌آوری در بعد اجتماعی و دهستان‌های دهگاه، دریاسر و کجید در بالاترین سطح تاب‌آوری در بعد اجتماعی در برابر مخاطره سیل  قرار دارند.

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