تبیین نقش استقرار خانه‌های مهارت‌آموزی در توسعه اشتغال پایدار روستایی با روش سناریونگاری (موردمطالعه: نواحی روستایی شرق گیلان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه مطالعات ناحیه‌ای، پژوهشکده محیط‌زیست، جهاد دانشگاهی گیلان، رشت، ایران.

2 کارشناس پژوهشی، گروه مطالعات ناحیه‌ای، پژوهشکده محیط‌زیست، جهاد دانشگاهی گیلان، رشت، ایران.

3 مربی، گروه مطالعات ناحیه‌ای، پژوهشکده محیط‌زیست، جهاد دانشگاهی گیلان، رشت، ایران.

چکیده

در جوامع روستایی، تنوع بخشیدن منابع درآمدی از طریق کارآفرینی روستایی با تکیه بر ایجاد خانه‌های مهارت‌آموزی می‌تواند راهکار مناسبی در جهت توسعه اشتغال، کاهش بیکاری، افزایش درآمد و بهبود کیفیت زندگی روستاییان باشد. خانه کارآفرینی و مهارت‌آموزی، تشکلی مردمی و داوطلبانه است که در راستای اهداف کارآفرینی و توانمندسازی، با رویکرد روستا محوری با همکاری ساکنان، ذی‌نفعان  و ذی مدخلان محلی، ناحیه‌ای و منطقه‌ای  فعالیت خواهد کرد. ایجاد سازمانی که با مهارت‌آموزی و کشف ایده‌های جدید و حمایت از آن‌ها توسعه روستایی را نوید می‌دهد. در این راستا پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی و تدوین سناریوهای بهینه برای اشتغالزایی مناطق روستایی شرق گیلان و با تأکید بر نقش خانه‌های مهارت‌آموزی در ایجاد اشتغال پایدار، در تلاش است تا به این سؤال پاسخ دهد که سناریوی مناسب برای تدوین برنامه اشتغال‌زایی پایدار مبتنی بر خانه‌های مهارت‌آموزی کدام است؟ سطح جغرافیایی شامل پهنه روستایی شرق گیلان و واحد تحلیل روستا است. در این پژوهش 260 روستا موردبررسی قرار گرفته و در ارتباط با تعیین شاخص‌های تأثیرگذار بر اشتغال روستایی مبتنی بر خانه‌های مهارت‌آموزی 385نفر به روش کوکران از فعالان اقتصادی به روش کوکران، 400 تن از مدیران و نخبگان محلی و 150 نفر از کارشناسان سازمان‌ها و نهادهای متولی توسعه روستایی مشارکت داشته‌اند. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که سناریو بهینه برای توسعه اشتغال پایدار مبتنی بر خانه‌های مهارت‌آموزی در ناحیه شرق گیلان؛ سناریوی «اشتغالزایی سازگار با محیط طبیعی» است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Development of Sustainable Rural Employment by Creating Skills Houses Based on the Scenario Method (Case Study: Rural Areas of East Guilan)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Habibi Mahmoodi Chenari 1
  • Mohammad Ali Rahimi Poursheikhani Nejad 1
  • Fatemeh Momeni Tarom Sari 2
  • Farzaneh Nasiri 3
  • Zahra Jensi 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Regional Studies, Environmental Research Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Rasht, Iran.
2 Research Expert, Department of Regional Studies, Environmental Research Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Rasht, Iran.
3 Lectureship, Department of Regional Studies, Environmental Research Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Rasht, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In rural communities, diversifying sources of income through rural entrepreneurship by relying on the establishment of skills houses can be a good way to develop employment, reduce unemployment, increase income and improve the quality of life of villagers. Entrepreneurship and Skills House is a popular and voluntary organization that will work in line with the goals of entrepreneurship and empowerment, with a village-centered approach in cooperation with residents, stakeholders and local and regional stakeholders. It is an organization that promises rural development by training and discovering new ideas and supporting them. In this regard, the present study aims to investigate and formulate optimal scenarios for job creation in rural areas of East Guilan and by emphasizing the role of skills houses in creating sustainable employment, tries to answer the question “What is a suitable scenario for sustainable job creation based on skills houses?” The geographical scope includes the rural area of East Guilan and the village analysis unit.  In this research, 260 villages have been studied and to determine the indicators affecting rural employment based on skills houses, 384 farmers, 400 local managers and elites, and 150 experts from organizations and institutions in charge of rural development participated. The results of this study showed that the optimal scenario for the development of sustainable employment is based on skills houses in the eastern region of Guilan; the scenario is “job creation compatible with the natural environment”.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rural Entrepreneurship
  • Skills Houses
  • Sustainable Employment
  • Scenario Writing
  • East Guilan
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