تحلیل اثرات سرمایه اجتماعی بر حس تعلق مکانی خانوارهای روستایی در شرایط خشکسالی در شهرستان دورود

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

2 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

چکیده

خشکسالی یکی از بلایای طبیعی است که فراوانی آن به‌‏ویژه در نواحی خشک و نیمه‌خشک بسیار زیاد است. این پدیده در هر منطقه‌ای می‌تواند رخ دهد و انسان و محیط‌زیست را تحت تأثیر قرار دهد، هرچند اثرات آن در مناطق روستایی به دلیل وابستگی معیشت به نزولات جوی بسیار بیشتر از سایر مناطق است. در این زمینه خشکسالی‏‌های گذشته حس تعلق مکانی خانوارهای روستایی به شدت کاهش داده است. بنابراین، عواملی که می‏‌تواند در این زمینه اثرگذار باشد از ضرورتی انکارناپذیر برخوردار است. در این راستا این پژوهش با هدف کلی اثرات سرمایه اجتماعی بر حس تعلق مکانی خانوارهای روستایی در شرایط خشکسالی انجام شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیه خانوارهای روستایی - کشاورز شهرستان دورود بود. حجم نمونه با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان 375 سرپرست خانوار برای مطالعه انتخاب شدند. ابزار اصلی پژوهش پرسشنامه‏‌ای بود که روایی آن توسط پانل متخصصان و پایایی آن توسط ضریب آلفای کرونباخ تأیید شد. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‏‌ها در دو بخش آمار توصیفی و استنباطی با استفاده از نرم‌‏افزارهای SPSS23 و Lisel8.54 انجام شد. نتایج گروه‌‏بندی خانوارهای روستایی نشان داد که از آنان از نظر سطح تعلق مکانی و سرمایه اجتماعی در وضعیت مناسبی قرار ندارند. علاوه بر این، نتایج مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری پژوهش نشان داد که ابعاد سرمایه اجتماعی با ضریب تبیین 51 درصد (0/71 =t= 11/89,  γ) اثر مثبت و معنی‏‌داری بر حس تعلق مکانی خانوارهای روستایی در شرایط خشکسالی دارد. 

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