شناسایی و تحلیل موانع توسعه کارآفرینی برای مدیریت پسماندهای کشاورزی در نواحی روستایی (موردمطالعه: پسماند محصول برنج در استان گیلان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله برگرفته از پایان نامه

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

پسماند برنج ازجمله پسماندهای مهم کشاورزی است که در استان گیلان به‌وفور یافت می‌شود و یکی از منابع بالقوه برای تأمین خوراک دام است. خوراک دام نیاز ضروری دامداران است و بخش عمده آن در حال حاضر از خارج کشور وارد می‌شود. پسماندهای فراوان برنج و نیاز دام‌ها به علوفه، فرصت مناسبی برای کارآفرینی در این بخش را فراهم آورده است. این پژوهش با رویکرد کمی و جهت‌گیری کاربردی با هدف شناسایی و تحلیل موانع توسعه کارآفرینی در زمینه استفاده از کلش برنج به‌عنوان خوراک دام انجام شده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق 180 هزار بهره‌بردار برنج است که ازطریق نمونه‌برداری تصادفی، 400 بهره‌بردار از 40 روستا و در هر روستا 10 بهره‌بردار به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از پرسش‌نامه محقق ساخته و برای تحلیل داده‌ها از تحلیل عاملی استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد عامل امکانات و شرایط طبیعی شامل متغیرهای رطوبت بالا، بارندگی‌های موسمی، کمبود انبار و ماشین‌آلات با مقدار ویژه 5/2 و واریانس 9/30 درصد، عامل فرهنگی - اجتماعی شامل متغیرهای آگاهی، آموزش، ضعف مدیریت با مقدار ویژه 93/1 و واریانس 4/11 درصد، عامل مالی شامل متغیرهای هزینه و کمبود سرمایه با مقدار ویژه 36/1 و واریانس 7/8 درصد و میزان مالکیت شامل متغیرهای تعداد دام و میزان زمین با مقدار ویژه 26/1 و واریانس 5/6 درصد از مهم‌ترین عوامل بازدارنده توسعه کارآفرینی کلش به‌عنوان خوراک دام هستند. درنتیجه با رفع موانع فوق، کارآفرینی در این بخش قابل توسعه است و  علاوه بر حفظ محیط‌زیست، مشکل تأمین خوراک دام استان تا حدودی نیز قابل‌رفع خواهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Identify and Analysis of Barriers on Entrepreneurship Development of Agricultural Waste Management in Rural Areas (Case Study: Rice Crop Waste in Guilan Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zhila Vatankhah Klurazi 1
  • Mohammad Reza Rezvani 2
  • Alireaza Darban Astaneh 3
1 PhD Student, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Rice waste is one of the agricultural wastes in Guilan province and a source of livestock feed. Most of it is imported from abroad. Therefore, abundant rice waste and livestock need for fodder provide a good opportunity for entrepreneurship. This research has a quantitative approach with an applied orientation. The purpose of this study is to identify barriers to entrepreneurship development from rice straw as animal feed. The statistical population of the research is 180000 rice farmers, out of which 400 farmers from 40 villages and 10 farmers in each village were randomly selected as a sample. Data collection was performed using a questionnaire and data analysis was performed using factor analysis model. The results show that the factor of facilities and natural conditions include variables of humidity, rainfall, lack of storage and machinery with a eigenvalues of 2.5 and a percentage of the variance of 30.9. Socio-cultural factors including variables of knowledge, education, and poor management with a eigenvalues of 1.93 and variance percentage of 11.4, financial factors including the cost and capital shortage variables with eigenvalues of 1.36 and variance percentage of 8.7 and ownership rate including variables of a number of livestock and land with a eigenvalues of 1.26 and percentage of the variance of 5.5 6, are the most important disincentive factors of the straw entrepreneurship development, is known as animal feed. We conclude that by removing this barrier, entrepreneurship can be developed and the problem of providing livestock feed in the province will be solved to some extent. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agricultural waste
  • Animal feed
  • Entrepreneurship development
  • Gilan province
  • Rice straw
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