تحلیل ذی‌نفعان توسعه پایدار گردشگری کشاورزی در غرب استان مازندران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

چکیده

توسعه پایدار گردشگری کشاورزی یک راهکار برای استفاده بهینه از صنعت گردشگری است. اما از علت‌های عمده عدم تحقق سیاست‌های توسعه‌ای نبود سازوکارهای لازم برای شناسایی، تحلیل و نقش‌آفرینی ذی‌نفعان متعددی است که می‌بایست در یک فرایند مشارکتی مبتنی بر پایداری و تاب‌آوری برای مدیریت پایدار توسعه گردشگری کشاورزی، همکاری، هماهنگی و هم‌افزایی داشته باشند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل ذی‌نفعان توسعه پایدار گردشگری کشاورزی در غرب استان مازندران به‌صورت آمیخته انجام شد. به‌منظور شناسایی ذی‌نفعان اطلاعات از کارشناسان حوزه گردشگری کشاورزی گردآوری شد که پس از مصاحبه با 17 نفر از آن‌ها و طی چهار مرحله دلفی ذی‌نفعان به تعداد 25 نفر شناسایی شدند و  با استفاده از ماتریس قدرت - منفعت میزان قدرت و نوع منفعت هر ذی‌نفع مشخص گردید. با استفاده از مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختارمند از دو تن از نمایندگان هر ذی‌نفع (مجموعاً 50 مصاحبه) چگونگی اعمال قدرت ذی‌نفعان با توجه به نوع منفعتشان مشخص گردید. بر اساس نتایج، ذی‌نفعان اصلی توسعه پایدار گردشگری کشاورزی بیشتر از سازمان‌های دولتی بودند که در بین آن‌ها سازمان جهاد کشاورزی، سازمان میراث فرهنگی، اداره کل منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری و سازمان حفاظت محیط‌زیست از لحاظ پنج نوع قدرت اقتصادی، دانشی، اجتماعی، سیاسی و قانونی در جایگاه بالاتری قرار داشتند. نتایج تحلیل مصاحبه‌ها به‌صورت تحلیل محتوای متعارف منتج به شناسایی 428 جمله در قالب 125 گزاره مفهومی شد. می‌توان از دسته‌بندی ارائه‌شده به منظور ایجاد ظرفیت، ارتقای مشارکت و تعامل بین ذی‌نفعان با توجه به نوع قدرت و منفعت در فرایند توسعه پایدار گردشگری کشاورزی استفاده نمود.

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