بررسی مؤلفه‌های مؤثر بر پایداری معماری روستایی (موردمطالعه: روستای ارمیان میامی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی، گروه معماری، دانشکده مهندسی معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران.

2 کارشناسی، گروه معماری، دانشکده مهندسی معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران.

چکیده

مفهوم پایداری از گذشته در معماری روستایی ایران وجود داشته است. اما امروزه تغییرات اجتماعی و اقتصادی، تحولاتی را در معماری روستایی ایجاد کرده و در روستاهای امروزی به مفهوم پایداری کمتر توجه شده است. در این میان معماری روستایی قدیم دارای شاخص‌های ارزشمندی در حوزه پایداری است که می‌تواند پس از شناسایی و تحلیل، در طراحی جدید مورد بهره‌برداری قرار گیرد. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی مؤلفه‌های مؤثر در ایجاد پایداری و نمود آن‌ها در معماری روستای ارمیان است. این پژوهش از لحاظ هدف کاربردی و از لحاظ روش توصیفی - تحلیلی است. بدین منظور ابتدا با مطالعه منابع کتابخانه‌ای، ابعاد پایداری و مؤلفه‌های آن مشخص شده و پس از تحلیل محتوا، چهارچوب نظری ارائه گردیده است. سپس با مطالعه میدانی و با شیوه تحلیلی، در نمونه موردی روستای ارمیان میامی موردبررسی قرار گرفته است. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که ابعاد اجتماعی، فرهنگی، اقتصادی و محیطی در پایداری معماری روستایی مؤثر هستند. در بعد پایداری اجتماعی مؤلفه‌ هویت ‌اجتماعی، حس‌تعلق، تعاملات ‌اجتماعی، سرزندگی و امنیت‌اجتماعی و در بعد پایداری فرهنگی مؤلفه مشارکت و همبستگی، سرمایه و میراث فرهنگی، ارزش و هنجار فرهنگی و در بعد پایداری اقتصادی مؤلفه نوع مصالح، پرهیز از بیهودگی، وضعیت اشتغال و معیشت و در بعد پایداری محیطی مؤلفه هماهنگی با شرایط اقلیمی، پویایی و سازگاری، احترام و حفظ محیط تأثیرگذار است. همه این مؤلفه‌ها و شاخص‌های آن‌‌ در بافت و مسکن روستای ارمیان نمود پیدا کرده‌ و معماری روستای ارمیان مصداقی از معماری بومی پایدار است که با هویت،‌ اقلیم، فرهنگ و سبک زندگی روستایی انطباق دارد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Components Affecting of Sustainability in Rural Architecture (Case Study: Armian Village of Mayamey)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sajede Kharabati 1
  • Ava Nikmard 2
1 Instructor of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architectural Engineering and Urbanism, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.
2 MA, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architectural Engineering and Urbanism, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The concept of sustainability has long characterized the rural architecture of Iran. However, today, social and economic changes have brought about developments in rural architecture, as modern villages have focused less on the concept of sustainability. Old rural architecture has valuable sustainability indicators which can be utilized in new designs. This research investigates the component affecting sustainability creation and its representation in the architecture of Armian village. This research was applied in terms of goal and descriptive-analytical in terms of methods. First, library sources were reviewed to determine the effective components. Then, a theoretical framework was presented after the content analysis, as the village of Armian was examined following field studies and analytical methods. Results indicated that social, cultural, economic and environmental dimensions contributed to rural architecture sustainability. As regards the social sustainability dimension, such components as social identity, sense of attachment, social interactions, vitality and social security; as regards cultural sustainability dimension, such components as participation and solidarity, cultural heritage and capital, value and cultural value; as regards economic sustainability dimension, such components as the type of material, effectiveness and avoiding nullity, employment and subsistence; and as regards environmental sustainability dimension, such components as an adaptation with the climatic conditions, dynamism and adaptability, respect and preservation of the environment were effective. These components and indicators have been noted in the Armian village fabric and housing. The Armian village architecture is an example of local, sustainable architecture in conformity with the rural life's identity, climate, culture and lifestyle.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sustainability dimensions and components
  • Sustainable architecture
  • Local architecture
  • Rural settlements
  • Armian village
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