جغرافیای شادابی: تجزیه و تحلیل مکانی شادابی متأثر از عوامل اجتماعی - اقتصادی در سطح نواحی روستایی (موردمطالعه: روستاهای شهرستان تربت حیدریه)

نوع مقاله : مقاله برگرفته از پایان نامه

نویسندگان

1 دکتری، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران.

4 استاد، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.

چکیده

شادابی قضاوت و ارزیابی فرد از کیفیت زندگی خود است. مطالعات انجام‌گرفته نشان می‌دهد تفاوت‌های مکانی در شادابی افراد بین مکان‌ها و مناطق وجود دارد. تفاوت‌های بین‌المللی، بین منطقه‌ای و بین شهری در شادابی انجام گرفته است، اما تاکنون تفاوت شادابی افراد در مناطق روستایی مختلف به‌ویژه در ایران انجام نگرفته است. بنابراین پژوهش حاضر به بررسی وضعیت شادابی و وابستگی مکانی آن در مناطق روستایی شهرستان تربت حیدریه پرداخته است. تحقیق حاضر ازنظر هدف کاربردی و روش انجام آن توصیفی - تحلیلی است. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها، پرسش‌نامه و مصاحبه از نمونه‌ای منتخب مشتمل بر 380 خانوار از جامعه آماری خانوارهای روستایی شهرستان‌های تربت حیدریه (23105 = N) است که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران و به روش نمونه‌گیری سهمیه‌ای  محاسبه شده است. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از آمار توصیفی، پرسش‌نامه شادابی فوردایس، رگرسیون چندگانه و برای تحلیل وضعیت شادابی روستاهای موردمطالعه از نرم‌افزار GIS استفاده شده است. نتایج آزمون و مقایسه میانگین‌های شادابی حاکی از آن است که میزان شادابی روستاها در سه دسته پایین (میانگین نمرات 320-355)، متوسط( 356-365) و بالا (366-385) طبقه‌بندی شدند. نتایج رگرسیون چندگانه نیز نشان داد از میان 16 متغیر مستقل مرتبط با شادابی 4 متغیر درآمد با ضریب همبستگی (399/0)، سرمایه اجتماعی (383/0) فاصله 5 کیلومتر با نزدیک‌ترین شهر (599/0) و فاصله 10 تا 15 کیلومتر با شهر با ضریب (452/0) بیشترین همبستگی را با شادابی خانوارهای روستایی داشته است. همچنین بررسی نقشه وضعیت شادابی روستاهای موردمطالعه نیز باتوجه‌به خوشه‌ای بودن شادابی روستاها، وابستگی مکانی شادابی را تأیید می‌کند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد روستاها بسته به اینکه در چه وضعیتی قرار دارند ازنظر عوامل مختلف مانند میزان درآمد، سرمایه اجتماعی، کیفیت زندگی  و فاصله تا شهر، از میزان شادابی متفاوتی برخوردار بوده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Geography of Happiness: A Spatial Analysis of Happiness Affected by Socio-Economic Factors at the Level of Rural Areas (Case Study: Villages of Torbat-Haydarieh Township)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Khadije Sadeghi 1
  • Ali Hajinejad 2
  • Javad Bazafshan 3
  • Majid Yasouri 4
1 PhD, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Sistan and Balochestan, Zahedan, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Sistan and Balochestan , Iran.
4 Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Happiness is a person's judgment and evaluation of satisfaction with their quality of life. Studies have shown that there are spatial differences in the Happiness of people between places and regions. Therefore, this study has investigated the state of Happiness and its spatial dependence in rural areas of Torbat-e Heydarieh. The present research is descriptive-analytical in terms of applied purpose and method.Data collection tools were questionnaires and interviews from selected samples consisting of 380 households from the statistical population of rural households in Torbat-e Heydarieh (N = 23105) using Cochran's formula and quota sampling method. Descriptive statistics, Fordyce Happiness Questionnaire, and multiple regression were used to analyze the data and GIS was used to analyze the vigor status of the studied villages in Torbat-e Heydariyeh. The test results and comparison of the means of Happiness obtained from the Fordyce questionnaire indicate that the Happiness of the villages was classified into three categories: low (average scores 320-355), medium (356-365) and high (366-385). The results of multiple regression also showed that out of 18 independent variables related to Happiness, 4 variables were income with a correlation coefficient of (0.399), social capital (0.383), the distance of 5 km from the nearest city (0.599) and distance of 10 to 15 km. It had the highest correlation with the city with a coefficient of (0.452) with the Happiness of rural households. Also, the study of the Happiness map of the studied villages confirms the spatial dependence of Happiness due to the cluster Happiness of the villages.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Happiness
  • Spatial dependence
  • Regression
  • Torbat-e Heydarieh Township
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