آمایش دفاعی روستاهای مرزی با رویکرد پدافند غیرعامل (مورد مطالعه: روستاهای مرزی شهرستان پیرانشهر)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار، گروه جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه علوم و فنون فارابی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

امنیت دفاعی سکونتگاه‌های مرزی یکی از مهم‌ترین مسائلی است که در سیاست‌های دفاعی و امنیتی کشورها مطرح می‌شود. لذا، پس از معرفی سکونتگاه‌های مرزی و اهمیت آن‌ها در حفاظت از مرزهای کشور، به بررسی تهدیدات امنیتی محیط زیستی و طبیعی، مهاجرت غیرقانونی، قاچاق کالا و مواد مخدر و... که بر روی سکونتگاه‌های مرزی تأثیر می‌گذارند و در ادامه به بررسی موانع اصلی در حفاظت از سکونتگاه‌های مرزی و نقش پدافند غیرعامل در این حفاظت پرداخته و با‌توجه‌به مطالب بحث‌شده، راهکارهایی برای تقویت امنیت دفاعی سکونتگاه‌های مرزی با تأکید بر پدافند غیرعامل ارائه می‌شود. این راهکارها شامل تقویت نظارت بر مرز، افزایش آموزش و آگاهی جامعه و نیروهای امنیتی در خصوص روش‌های جلوگیری از تهدیدات، بهبود شبکه‌های ارتباطی و... است. این مقاله به بررسی امنیت دفاعی سکونتگاه‌های مرزی در استان آذربایجان غربی با تأکید بر پدافند غیرعامل و ارائه راهکارهایی برای تقویت امنیت این مناطق با روش توصیفی - تحلیلی، نگرش حل مسئله سیستمی و ابزارهای گردآوری اطلاعات کتابخانه‌ای ـ اسنادی و پیمایشی - میدانی بر مبنای طرح‌های توسعه روستایی و تأکید بر رویکرد پدافند غیرعامل به‌عنوان رویکردی امنیت‌ساز و دفاع‌محور انجام گرفته است. تحلیل یافته‌های فضایی - مکانی به‌وسیله GIS و با استفاده از فرایند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP) و منطق فازی صورت پذیرفته است. طبق نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، از 147 روستای شهرستان بیش از 60 روستا که بیشتر از 40 درصد جمعیت مناطق روستایی را تشکیل می‌دهند در معرض آسیب‌پذیری خیلی زیاد و زیاد هستند. همچنین بیشترین میزان آسیب‌پذیری در سکونتگاه‌های روستایی سه دهستان لاهیجان غربی، دهستان پیران و دهستان منگور غربی مشاهده می‌شود که دهستان‌های مرزی به شمار می‌روند.

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