شناخت و تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر رکود اقتصاد دامداری در نواحی روستایی (مطالعه موردی: روستاهای پریدر و مهدویه- شهرستان ملایر)

Introduction
Livestock is a dynamic activity and a generating employment which after the oil industry has attracted the most investment and most importantly, it is tied with food security and health. Also it is important in human nutrition as one of the main sectors of material production and milk protein. But production. In the livestock sector has some differences with other areas of manufacturing of trade. Among of the most important of them are the risks in the livestock sector. Rural economy of Mahdavyeh and Parydar in Malayer, from the distant past had been based on livestock and livestock appropriate which access to pastures, mountainous area and limited agricultural land and proximity to large consumer markets in the cities of Hamadan and Malayer creates this situation. But in recent decades, gradually farm economy in the villages, has a standstill And livelihoods of rural people especially farmers been greatly affected. The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting the situation and make the downturn in the livestock economy in the villages. Main question is the main causes of the downturn in the farm economy in Parydar and Mahdavyeh.
The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting the situation and make the downturn in the livestock economy in the villages. Main question is the main causes of the downturn in the farm economy in Parydar and Mahdavyeh.Methodology
The statistical society of study is farm households living in villages of Mahdavyeh and Parydar in Malayer. The sample consisted of all farm households in two villages with overall sampling. Accordingly the number of sample households is 48 households in Parydar and 71 households in Mahdavyeh (total 119 households). Exploratory research methodology used with a combination of qualitative and quantitative research techniques. First, based on cause and effect model, the authors we identified the causes of economic recession of livestock and in the villages of Parydar and Mahdavyeh. Model of cause and effect with participatory methods indicates the relationship between qualitative attitudes of factors.

Results
The results of factor analysis is are follows: Among the cultural factors cause vulnerability in animal disease by a factor of 0.891; in social factors, the of rural - urban migration and leaving the work force by a factor of 0.910; in Economic factors operating in the poor villagers can afford to buy animals that have a higher economic efficiency, with a coefficient of 0.805; in managerial factors, Restrictions on transfer of credit and banking facilities for the establishment of new farms in the countryside outside the physical fabric with 0.892, and finally, in environmental factors Vulnerability to severe drought and shortage of operating traditional livestock forage factor with 0.9, have the highest influence on the economic downturn. The rankings were based on the path analysis, due to restrictions on transfer of credit and banking facilities to rural low-income units for the establishment of new livestock, poor management of the rural economy, particularly in the decades after the land reform; rural - urban migration and migration of the workforce from rural areas; and the poor villagers can afford to buy animals that have a higher economic efficiency, respectively in the first place to fourth place.

Conclusion
The survey results show that the economic factors can be among the most important factors affecting livestock weakness and recession in the villages and blame of the origin of this situation, poor villagers can afford, resulting in low efficiency in this sector, especially the traditional and social cultural factors. Therefore, the use of public resources to this entry many of the priority and importance in the prevention of livestock slowdown in the villages. Certainly increase productivity in this sector, and subsequently, improve the living conditions of farmers, will be effective in meeting the social and cultural barriers in attracting young people and Resources and attract private capital to farm activities. Promoting the modernization of the existing traditional farm units with regard to the mental process of banking and access to resources for farmers, in addition to economic benefits, has cultural - social benefits and will be promote active persons in this sector in the rural community. Also the raise of awareness and technical expertise of farmers is very important in improving productivity in this sector. Extension classes, with respect to the indigenous knowledge of farmers and cultural and economic limitations in rural areas can be done in this important role. Yet another approach for improving the status of farmers is arranging them in the form of farm cooperatives. This can improve the financial and technical, as well as and validity of livestock sectors in the economy of these villages.