شناسایی و تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر شکل‌گیری جمعیت شناور روستایی (موردمطالعه: دهستان تبادکان در حاشیه کلان‌شهر مشهد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده ادبیات، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده ادبیات، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده ادبیات، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

امروزه شاهد تغییرات گسترده‌ای در جابه‌جایی‌های میان شهرها و روستاها هستیم، به‌طوری که جابه‌جایی‌های دائمی میان شهر و روستا به رفت‌وآمدهای روزانه تبدیل شده است که از آن تحت عنوان شناوری جمعیت یاد می‌شود. این امر در میان ساکنان روستاهای پیرامون کلان‌شهرها بیشتر به چشم می‌خورد. در این میان علاوه بر انگیزه‌های اقتصادی، عوامل مختلفی می‌تواند در شکل‌گیری و تقویت جریان جمعیت شناور روستایی تأثیرگذار باشد. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر شکل‌گیری جمعیت شناور روستایی در نقاط شهری است. پژوهش حاضر از نوع کاربردی و روش انجام آن توصیفی - تحلیلی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش، خانوارهای 20 روستای دهستان تبادکان در پیرامون کلان‌شهر شهر مشهد است. جمع‌آوری اطلاعات با ابزار پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته و بر اساس شاخص‌های تحقیق انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که عوامل مؤثر بر شناوری جمعیت روستایی را می‌توان در قالب عوامل اقتصادی، اجتماعی، فردی، جغرافیایی- محیطی، نهادی دسته‌بندی کرد. در این میان عامل اقتصادی، عامل اجتماعی و عامل فردی به ترتیب 71/37، 13/12 و 78/7 درصد از واریانس متغیر وابسته را تبیین کرده‌اند. همچنین نتایج آزمون همبستگی اسپیرمن رابطه معکوس و با شدتی متوسط میان دو متغیر فاصله از شهر و نسبت شناوری جمعیت روستایی را ارائه کرد. در نهایت نتایج حاصل از آزمون رگرسیون لجستیک حاکی از آن است که متغیرهای سن، شغل و داشتن محل سکونت یا خانه در شهر تأثیر آماری معنی‌داری بر متغیر وابسته (شناوری یا غیرشناوری جمعیت) دارند و قادر به پیش‌بینی تغییرات متغیر وابسته هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Identify and Analyze the Factors Affecting the Formation of Rural Floating Population (Case Study: Tebadkan Rural District on the Outskirts of Mashhad Metropolis)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Shayan 1
  • Hamdollah Sojasi Qeydari 2
  • Fahimeh Jafari 3
1 Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
3 PhD Student, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Today, we are witnessing extensive changes in the movements between cities and villages, so that permanent movement between cities and villages have become daily commutes, which is referred to as population floating. This is more common among the inhabitants of the villages around the metropolises. In addition to economic incentives, various factors can affect the formation and strengthening of the flow of rural floating population. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the formation of rural floating populations in urban areas. The present research is of applied type and the method of doing it is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the study is the households of 20 villages of Tabadakan district around the metropolis of Mashhad. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and based on research indicators. The results showed that the factors affecting the buoyancy of the rural population can be classified into economic, social, individual, geographical-environmental and institutional factors. Among these, economic factors, social factors and individual factors explained 37.71, 12.13 and 7.78% of the variance of the dependent variable, respectively. Also, the results of the Spearman correlation test showed an inverse relationship with moderate intensity between the two variables of distance from the city and the buoyancy ratio of the rural population. Finally, the results of the logistic regression test indicate that the variables of age, occupation and having a place of residence or home in the city have a statistically significant effect on the dependent variable (floating or non-floating population) and are able to predict changes in the dependent variable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rural-Urban Links
  • Floating Population
  • Rural Employees
  • Tebadkan rural district
  • Mashhad
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