واکاوی موانع گسترش کشت هیدروپونیک در توسعه اقتصادی روستایی (موردمطالعه: بخش مرکزی شهرستان گرگان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله برگرفته از طرح پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه گلستان، گرگان، ایران.

چکیده

امروزه یکی از راه‌های مناسب برای خودکفایی و امنیت غذایی هر کشوری، گسترش و بهره‌برداری از گلخانه‌های هیدروپونیک است. تحقیق حاضر به صورت کاربردی بوده و روش آن به صورت توصیفی - تحلیلی و میدانی است. با استفاده از فرمول کوکران،260 نفر از کارفرمایان و کارگران مزرعه هیدروپونیک و همچنین روستائیان به عنوان جامعه نمونه انتخاب شدند. سپس با استفاده از آماره‌های توصیفی و آزمون فریدمن، تحلیل همبستگی گاما و تکنیک تحلیل‌عاملی در محیط نرم‌افزاری SPSS، داده‌ها مورد سنجش و تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج مقایسه میانگین فریدمن نشان داد که بالا بودن هزینه اولیه کشت هیدروپونیک و فقدان مهارت کشاورزان بالاترین مقادیر را به خود اختصاص دادند و به عنوان جدی‌ترین موانع محسوب می‌گردند. همچنین نتایج ماتریس تحلیل همبستگی گاما نشان داد بالا بودن هزینه کشت هیدروپونیک با فقدان مهارت کشاورزان تا سطح اطمینان 95 درصد رابطه معناداری با یکدیگر دارند. نتایج تحلیل عاملی نیز موانع کشت هیدروپونیک در روستاها را به چهار عامل اصلی دسته‌بندی کرد. در این بین موانع نهادی/ اداری با 16/28 درصد واریانس مقدار ویژه به عنوان مهم‌ترین موانع شناسایی شدند و بعد از آن به ترتیب موانع اقتصادی و اجتماعی، موانع زیرساختی و موانع محیطی در رتبه‌های بعدی قرار گرفتند. در ضمن مؤلفه‌های بررسی شده در مجموع 91/75 درصد از موانع کشت هیدروپونیک در روستاها محسوب شده و حدود 09/24 درصد باقی‌مانده مربوط به عواملی هستند که در این پژوهش شناسایی نشدند. 

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