واکاوی آثار اجرای طرح ساماندهی خروج دام از جنگل بر جوامع روستایی با استفاده از روش تحلیل مضمون

نوع مقاله : مقاله برگرفته از پایان نامه

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گنبدکاووس، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده فرماندهی و ستاد، دانشگاه علوم انتظامی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

یکی از مهم‌ترین برنامه‎های دولت برای حفظ عرصه‌های جنگلی کشور اجرای طرح خروج دام از جنگل و ساماندهی جنگل‌نشینان بوده که در سال ۱۳۶۸ آغاز شد اما بعد از گذشت سه دهه از اجرایی شدن آن همچنان با چالش‌های متعددی به‌ویژه برای ساکنان روستاهای جنگلی همراه بوده است. هدف تحقیق حاضر بررسی آثار اجرای طرح خروج دام بر ساکنین پنج روستای جابه‌جا و ملحق شده به شهر رامیان استان گلستان است. پژوهش حاضر به لحاظ هدف، کاربردی و به لحاظ رویکرد کلی و منطق پژوهش از نوع پژوهش‌های کیفی است که با رویکرد اکتشافی و در چهارچوب روش پدیدارشناسی به روش تحلیل مضمون انجام شده است. مصاحبه‌ها در بازه زمانی تیرماه 1398 تا اسفندماه 1398 انجام شد. مشارکت‌کنندگان افراد دارای تجربه زیسته در خصوص طرح خروج دام از جنگل بوده‌اند. پس از انجام 23 مصاحبه، از فرایند تحلیل مضمون سه مرحله‌ای استفاده گردید. در مرحله اول به‌منظور انجام کدگذاری باز، اقدام به پیاده‌سازی محتوای کلیه مصاحبه‌ها و سپس کدگذاری آن‌ها گردید. در این مرحله از متن مصاحبه‌ها 296 کد اولیه که قدرت مفهومی بیشتری داشتند استخراج شد. سپس با تعیین شباهت‌ها و تفاوت‌ها، 21 مقوله فرعی شناسایی شدند. مقوله‌های فرعی که دارای بیشترین قرابت معنایی و مفهومی کنار یکدیگر قرار گرفتند و مضامین سازمان دهنده (اصلی) از آن‌ها احصا شد، که دربرگیرنده مضامین اقتصادی (6 مضمون فرعی)، اجتماعی (6 مضمون فرعی)، نهادهای - مدیریتی (5 مضمون فرعی) و کالبدی (4 مضمون فرعی) بود. نتایج نشان داد طرح ساماندهی خروج دام از جنگل در منطقه رامیان از دیدگاه مشمولین موفق نبوده و مشمولین طرح نیاز به حمایت و هدایت به سمت خودکفایی اقتصادی و بازیابی فرهنگ اجتماعی خود دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of the Organizing of Livestock and Forest Residents Exit out of the Forest on Rural Communities: A Thematic Analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yadollah Rajabloo 1
  • Amin Mohammadi Ostadkelayeh 2
  • Naser Bayat 3
  • Bahareh Behmanesh 2
1 MSc., Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture and National Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture and National Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Geography, Faculty of Command and General Staff, Amin Police University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

One of the most important programs of the government in order to preserve the forest areas of the country has been the implementation of the plan to remove livestock from the forest and organize the forest dwellers. It has been especially helpful for the residents of forest villages. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of the organizing of livestock and forest residents' exit out of the forest on rural communities in the Ramyan region in Golestan province. Data collection continued until theoretical data saturation and 23 semi-structured individual interviews were conducted. In order to achieve the main objective of the research, a three-step content analysis process by King et al (2018) was used to study the effects of implementing the reorganization plan. Finally, MAXQDA20 software was used for the drawing of a schematic network. Based on codes obtained from the interviews with the villagers involved in the livestock moving out plan by MAXQDA20 software, 4 organizing themes including the economic (6 sub-themes), social (6 sub-themes), institutions-management (5 Sub-themes) and physical (4 sub-themes) were analyzed. The results showed that the plan for the organiz-ing of livestock and forest residents' exit out of the forest on rural communities in the Ramyan region was unsuccessful from the viewpoint of the beneficiaries and the plan needs support and guidance toward economic self-sufficiency and recovery of their social culture.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Organizing plan
  • The exit of livestock from the forest
  • Rural communities
  • Economic consequences
  • Social consequences

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پژوهش های روستائی
دوره 13، شماره 4
اسفند 1401
صفحه 734-749

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 20 اردیبهشت 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 01 شهریور 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 شهریور 1401

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