ارزیابی مؤلفه‌ها و ‌شاخص‌های ارزیابی تاب‌آوری اقتصادی کشاورزان در برابر مخاطرات اقلیمی

نوع مقاله : مقاله برگرفته از پایان نامه

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گرگان، ایران.

چکیده

اثرپذیری جوامع از تغییر اقلیم وابسته به میزان تاب‌آوری آنان است. بنابراین شناخت و تقویت تاب‌آوری به‌منظور کاهش آسیب‌پذیری و مقابله با مخاطرات اقلیمی از اهمیت خاصی برخوردار است. رویکرد تاب‌آوری اقتصادی با‌توجه‌به ماهیت پویا و آینده‌نگری که دارد می‌تواند به‌منظور افزایش توان سازگاری اقتصاد در برابر مخاطرات مؤثرتر عمل کند، لذا مطالعه سطح تاب‌آوری اقتصادی روستا و به‌ویژه کشاورزان در برابر شوک‌ها بسیار ضروری است. این مطالعه با هدف دستیابی به شاخص‌های مناسب برای ارزیابی تاب‌آوری اقتصادی کشاورزان در مقابله با مخاطرات اقلیمی در دو مرحله و با استفاده از تکنیک مرور نظام‌مند و دلفی انجام شد. در مرحله اول، بر اساس مرور نظام‌مند ادبیات نظری تاب‌آوری، مدلی از تاب‌آوری به‌عنوان الگوی مناسب مطالعات تاب‌آوری اقتصادی کشاورزان انتخاب شد که از سه بعد اصلی پایداری، سازگاری و تغییر تشکیل شده است، سپس ۴۴ شاخص‌ اولیه استخراج شد. مرحله دوم با بهره‌گیری از تکنیک دلفی انجام شد. طبق نتایج، از ۴۴ شاخص موردبررسی ۱۹ شاخص به‌عنوان شاخص‌های مناسب ارزیابی انتخاب شد و بر اساس نظرات صاحب‌نظران و نخبگان از این تعداد ۶ شاخص در بعد پایداری، ۹ شاخص در سازگاری و ۴ شاخص در ‌تغییر بیشترین فراوانی را داشت و شاخص‌های توانایی تطبیق نسبی شرایط اقتصادی خانواده در زمان بحران، برخورداری از ظرفیت شغلی و معیشتی متنوع، توانایی ایجاد و توسعه کسب‌وکار از‌طریق تنوع‌بخشی فعالیت‌های غیرزراعی از بیشترین اهمیت و تأکید برخوردار بودند. بر اساس نتایج، جهت افزایش سازگاری و تاب‌آوری کشاورزان در مقابله با مخاطرات اقلیمی، تقویت دانش کشاورزان، تنوع‌بخشی فعالیت‌های غیر زراعی با ایجاد درآمدهای جایگزین، از مهم‌ترین راهکارها در این زمینه هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Examining the Components and Indicators of Economic Resilience of Farmers Against Climate Disasters

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdolhalim Kor 1
  • Hamid Balali 2
  • Reza Movahedi 2
  • Mohammadsharif Sharifzadeh 3
1 PhD Student, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agricultural, Bu- Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agricultural, Bu- Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Agriculture and Natural Resources University, Gorgan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The impact of climate change on societies depends on their resilience. The economic resilience approach, due to its dynamic and foresight nature, can be more effective in increasing the economic adaptability of farmers against disasters. This study was conducted with the aim of obtaining suitable indicators for evaluating the economic resilience of farmers in dealing with climate disasters. The current research was conducted in two stages using systematic review and Delphi techniques. In the first stage of the study, based on a systematic review of the theoretical literature on resilience, a model of resilience that is adapted from Jantao's economic resilience model was selected as a suitable model for farmers' economic resilience studies, which consists of three main dimensions of stability, adaptation and change. THEN 44 primary indicators were extracted based on a systematic review of the theoretical literature of resilience studies. The second stage was done using the Delphi technique. According to the results, out of the 44 investigated indicators, 19 indicators were selected as suitable indicators for evaluation, and based on the opinions of experts and elites, 6 indicators in the dimension of stability, 9 indicators in adaptability and 4 indicators in change were the most frequent, and the indicators of the ability to adapt Relative economic conditions of the family at the time of crisis, having diverse job and livelihood capacity, ability to create and develop business through diversification of non-agricultural activities were of the greatest importance and emphasis.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Resilience
  • Climate disasters
  • Systematic review
  • Delphi
  • Resilience measurement
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