شناسایی و دسته‌بندی الگوهای ذهنی کشاورزان دارای مزارع‌ چندکارکردی نسبت به ترویج کشاورزی چندکارکردی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، مجتمع آموزش عالی سروان، سراوان، ایران.

چکیده

کشاورزی چندکارکردی به منزله پارادایم نوین توسعه کشاورزی و روستایی به عنوان پاسخی به چالش‌های اجتماعی، اقتصادی و محیط زیستی مورد توجه جهانیان قرار گرفته است. از این رو مطالعه پیش‌رو به شیوه آمیخته و با استفاده از روش کیو، به تحلیل الگوهای ذهنی کشاورزان نسبت به ترویج کشاورزی چندکارکردی می‌پردازد. در گام کیفی، با استفاده از رویکرد هدفمند و روش نمونه‌گیری گلوله برفی با 11 نفر از صاحب‌نظران دانشگاهی مصاحبه شد. تحلیل داده‌های گردآوری‌شده با نرم‌افزار MAXQDA12 منجر به استخراج 61 گزاره شد. از این تعداد، 48 گزاره به عنوان نمونه کیو انتخاب شد. در گام کمی، پس از جمع‌آوری اطلاعات حاصل از مرتب‌سازی کیو توسط 16 نفر از کشاورزان دارای مزارع چندکارکردی (21 N =)، این اطلاعات با روش تحلیل عاملی کیو در نرم افزار SPSS25 تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد، 16 کشاورز مورد مطالعه در مجموع چهار الگوی ذهنی در مورد ترویج کشاورزی چندکارکردی داشتند که عبارت‌اند از: حامیان درک اهمیت و منافع کشاورزی چندکارکردی و محدودیت‌های کشاورزی تولیدگرا، حامیان سیاست‌های تسهیل و تشویق‌کننده و عوامل آموزشی و ترویجی، حامیان مهارت‌های کارآفرینی کشاورزان و تقاضای جامعه برای کارکردهای غیرتولیدی کشاورزی، حامیان ویژگی‌های مزرعه در چندکارکردی کردن مزارع کشاورزی. این الگوها در مجموع 20/84 درصد واریانس کل را تبیین کردند. الگوی ذهنی اول (86/26 درصد) و الگوی ذهنی دوم (51/23 درصد) سهم بیشتری از واریانس کل را تبیین کردند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification and Classification of Mental Patterns of Farmers with Multifunctional Farms Regarding Extension of Multifunctional Agriculture

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Basami 1
  • Amir Alambeigi 2
  • Fatemeh Ertiaei 3
1 PhD, Department of Agricultural Extension, Faculty of Agricultural Economics and Development University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension & Education, Faculty of Agricultural Economics and Development, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension & Education, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Higher Educational Complex of Saravan, Saravan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Multifunctional agriculture as a new paradigm for agriculture and rural development has been considered by the world as a response to social, economic, and environmental challenges. Current mixed method research used the Q-method to examine and explain farmers’ mental patterns regarding  extension of multifunctional agriculture. In the qualitative step, the purposeful and snowball sampling methods were used to interview 11 academic experts. Analyzing data collected with MAXQDA12 software led to the extraction of 61 statements. 48 statements were selected as the Q sample. In the quantitative step, after collecting data from sorted Q statements by 16 farmers with multifunctional farms (N= 21), this data was analyzed using Q factor analysis in SPSS25 software. The result showed that 16 farmers surveyed had four mental patterns regarding extension of multifunctional agriculture, including Proponents of understanding the importance and benefits of multifunctional agriculture and limitations of productivist agriculture, Proponents of multifunctional agriculture facilitation and encouragement policies and extension and education factor, Proponents of farmers’ entrepreneurial skills and community demand for multifunctional agriculture, and Proponents of farm characteristics. These patterns account for 84.20% of the total variance. The first mental pattern (26.86%) and the second mental pattern (23.51%) explained a greater share of the total variance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Multifunctional agriculture
  • Mental pattern
  • Rural development
  • Zerivar Lake
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